Love LOVE, v.t. luv. [L. libeo, lubeo. See Lief. The sense is probably
to be prompt, free, willing, from leaning, advancing, or drawing
forward.] 1. In a general sense to be pleased with; to regard
with affection, on account of some qualities which excite pleasing
sensations or desire of gratification. We love a friend, on account of
some qualities which give us pleasure in his society. We love a man who
has done us a favor; in which case, gratitude enters into the composition
of our affection. We love our parents and our children, on account of
their connection with us, and on account of many qualities which please
us. We love to retire to a cool shade in summer. We love a warm room in
winter. we love to hear an eloquent advocate. The christian loves his
Bible. In short, we love whatever gives us pleasure and delight, whether
animal or intellectual; and if our hearts are right, we love God above
all things, as the sum of all excellence and all the attributes which
can communicate happiness to intelligent beings. In other words, the
christian loves God with the love of complacency in his attributes, the
love of benevolence towards the interest of his kingdom, and the love of
gratitude for favors received. Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with
all thy heart, and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind - Thou
shalt love thy neighbor as thyself. Mat 22. 2. To have benevolence or
good will for. John 3. LOVE, n. 1. An affection of the
mind excited by beauty and worth of any kind, or by the qualities of an
object which communicate pleasure, sensual or intellectual. It is opposed
to hatred. Love between the sexes, is a compound affection, consisting
of esteem, benevolence, and animal desire. Love is excited by pleasing
qualities of any kind, as by kindness, benevolence, charity, and by the
qualities which render social intercourse agreeable. In the latter case,
love is ardent friendship, or a strong attachment springing from good
will and esteem, and the pleasure derived from the company, civilities
and kindness of others. Between certain natural relatives, love seems
to be in some cases instinctive. Such is the love of a mother for her
child, which manifests itself toward an infant, before any particular
qualities in the child are unfolded. This affection is apparently as
strong in irrational animals as in human beings. We speak of the
love of amusements, the love of books, the love of money, and the love
of whatever contributes to our pleasure or supposed profit. The love
of God is the first duty of man, and this springs from just views of his
attributes or excellencies of character, which afford the highest delight
to the sanctified heart. Esteem and reverence constitute ingredients in
this affection, and a fear of offending him is its inseparable effect.
2. Courtship; chiefly in the phrase, to make love, that is, to court;
to woo; to solicit union in marriage. 3. Patriotism; the attachment
one has to his native land; as the love of country. 4. Benevolence;
good will. God is love. 1 John 4. 5. The object beloved.
The lover and the love of human kind. 6. A word of endearment.
Trust me, love. 7. Picturesque representation of love. Such was
his form as painters, when they show their utmost art, on naked loves
bestow. 8. Lewdness. He is not lolling on a lewd love-bed.
9. A thin silk stuff. Obs. Love in idleness, a kind of violet.
Free of love, a plant of the genus Cercis.
love
n 1: a strong positive emotion of regard and affection; "his
love for his work"; "children need a lot of love" [ant:
hate, hatred]
2: any object of warm affection or devotion; "the theater was
her first love"; "he has a passion for cock fighting"; [syn:
love, passion]
3: a beloved person; used as terms of endearment [syn:
beloved, dear, dearest, honey, love]
4: a deep feeling of sexual desire and attraction; "their love
left them indifferent to their surroundings"; "she was his
first love" [syn: love, sexual love, erotic love]
5: a score of zero in tennis or squash; "it was 40 love"
6: sexual activities (often including sexual intercourse)
between two people; "his lovemaking disgusted her"; "he
hadn't had any love in months"; "he has a very complicated
love life" [syn: sexual love, lovemaking, making love,
love, love life]
v 1: have a great affection or liking for; "I love French food";
"She loves her boss and works hard for him" [ant: detest,
hate]
2: get pleasure from; "I love cooking" [syn: love, enjoy]
3: be enamored or in love with; "She loves her husband deeply"
4: have sexual intercourse with; "This student sleeps with
everyone in her dorm"; "Adam knew Eve"; "Were you ever
intimate with this man?" [syn: sleep together, roll in the
hay}, love, make out, make love, sleep with, get
laid}, have sex, know, do it, be intimate, have
intercourse}, have it away, have it off, screw, fuck,
jazz, eff, hump, lie with, bed, have a go at it,
bang, get it on, bonk]
love I. nounEtymology: Middle English, from Old English lufu; akin to
Old High German luba love, Old English lēof dear, Latin
lubēre, libēre to please Date: before 12th century 1.a.(1) strong affection for another arising out of kinship
or personal ties <maternal love for a child> (2)
attraction based on sexual desire ; affection and tenderness
felt by lovers (3) affection based on admiration, benevolence,
or common interests <love for his old schoolmates>
b. an assurance of love <give her my love> 2.
warm attachment, enthusiasm, or devotion <love of the sea>
3.a. the object of attachment, devotion, or admiration <baseball
was his first love> b.(1) a beloved person ;darling — often used as a term of
endearment (2)British — used as an informal term of address
4.a. unselfish loyal and benevolent concern for the good
of another: as
(1) the fatherly concern of God for humankind (2) brotherly
concern for others
b. a person's adoration of God 5. a god or personification
of love 6. an amorous episode ;love affair7.
the sexual embrace ; copulation 8. a score of zero (as in
tennis) 9.capitalized, Christian SciencegodII. verb (loved; loving)
Date: before 12th century transitive verb1. to hold dear ;cherish2.a. to feel a lover's passion, devotion, or tenderness for b.(1)caress(2) to fondle amorously (3) to
copulate with
3. to like or desire actively ; take pleasure in
<loved to play the violin> 4. to thrive in <the
rose loves sunlight>
intransitive verb to feel affection or experience desire
love n. & v. --n. 1 an intense feeling of deep affection or fondness for a person or thing; great liking. 2 sexual passion. 3 sexual relations. 4 a a beloved one; a sweetheart (often
as a form of address). b Brit. colloq. a form of address regardless of affection. 5 colloq. a person of whom one is fond. 6 affectionate greetings (give him my love). 7 (often Love) a
representation of Cupid. 8 (in some games) no score; nil. --v.tr. 1 (also absol.) feel love or deep fondness for. 2 delight in; admire; greatly cherish. 3 colloq. like very much (loves
books). 4 (foll. by verbal noun, or to + infin.) be inclined, esp. as a habit; greatly enjoy; find pleasure in (children love dressing up; loves to find fault). Phrases and idioms: fall
in love (often foll. by with) develop a great (esp. sexual) love (for). for love for pleasure not profit. for the love of for the sake of. in love (often foll. by with) deeply enamoured (of). love
affair a romantic or sexual relationship between two people in love. love-apple archaic a tomato. love-bird any of various African and Madagascan parrots, esp. Agapornis personata. love-child an
illegitimate child. love-feast 1 a meal affirming brotherly love among early Christians. 2 a religious service of Methodists, etc., imitating this. love game a game in which the loser makes no
score. love-hate relationship an intensely emotional relationship in which one or each party has ambivalent feelings of love and hate for the other. love-in-a-mist a blue-flowered garden plant,
Nigella damascena, with many delicate green bracts. love-letter a letter expressing feelings of sexual love. love-lies-bleeding a garden plant, Amaranthus caudatus, with drooping spikes of purple-red
blooms. love-match a marriage made for love's sake. love-nest a place of intimate lovemaking. love-seat an armchair or small sofa for two. make love (often foll. by to) 1 have sexual
intercourse (with). 2 archaic pay amorous attention (to). not for love or money colloq. not in any circumstances. out of love no longer in love. Derivatives: loveworthy
adj. Etymology: OE lufu f. Gmc
LOVE
There are so many sorts of love that one does not know to whom to
address oneself for a definition of it. The name of "love" is given
boldly to a caprice lasting a few days, a sentiment without esteem,
gallants' affectations, a frigid habit, a romantic fantasy, relish
followed by prompt disrelish: people give this name to a thousand
chimeras.
If philosophers want to probe to the bottom this barely philosophical
matter, let them meditate on the banquet of Plato, in which Socrates,
honourable lover of Alcibiades and Agathon, converses with them on the
metaphysics of love.
Lucretius speaks of it more as a natural philosopher: Virgil follows in
the steps of Lucretius; amor omnibus idem.
It is the stuff of nature broidered by nature. Do you want an idea of
love? look at the sparrows in your garden; look at your pigeons; look at
the bull which is brought to the heifer; look at this proud horse which
two of your grooms lead to the quiet mare awaiting him; she draws aside
her tail to welcome him; see how her eyes sparkle; hark to the neighing;
watch the prancing, the curvetting, the ears pricked, the mouth opening
with little convulsions, the swelling nostrils, the flaring breath, the
manes rising and floating, the impetuous movement with which he hurls
himself on the object which nature has destined for him; but be not
jealous of him, and think of the advantages of the human species; in
love they compensate for all those that nature has given to the
animals—strength, beauty, nimbleness, speed.
There are animals, even, who have no enjoyment in possession. Scale
fish are deprived of this delight: the female throws millions of eggs on
the mud; the male coming across them passes over them, and fertilizes
them with his seed, without troubling about the female to whom they
belong.
Most animals that pair, taste pleasure only by a single sense, and as
soon as the appetite is satisfied, everything is extinguished. No
animal, apart from you, knows what kissing is; the whole of your body is
sensitive; your lips especially enjoy a voluptuousness that nothing can
tire; and this pleasure belongs to no species but yours: you can give
yourself up to love at any time, and the animals have but a fixed time.
If you reflect on these superiorities, you will say with the Count of
Rochester—"In a country of atheists love would cause the Deity to be
worshipped."
As men have received the gift of perfecting all that nature accords
them, they have perfected love. Cleanliness, the care of oneself, by
rendering the skin more delicate, increase the pleasure of contact; and
attention to one's health renders the organs of voluptuousness more
sensitive. All the other sentiments that enter into that of love, just
like metals which amalgamate with gold: friendship, regard, come to
help; the faculties of mind and body are still further chains.
Self-love above all tightens all these bonds. One applauds oneself for
one's choice, and a crowd of illusions form the decoration of the
building of which nature has laid the foundations.
That is what you have above the animals. But if you taste so many
pleasures unknown to them, how many sorrows too of which the beasts have
no idea! What is frightful for you is that over three-fourths of the
earth nature has poisoned the pleasures of love and the sources of life
with an appalling disease to which man alone is subject, and which
infects in him the organs of generation alone.
It is in no wise with this plague as with so many other maladies that
are the result of our excesses. It was not debauch that introduced it
into the world. Phryne, Lais, Flora, Messalina and those like them,
were not attacked by it; it was born in some islands where men lived in
innocence, and thence spread itself over the ancient world.
If ever one could accuse nature of despising her work, of contradicting
her plans, of acting against her designs, it is in this detestable
scourge which has soiled the earth with horror and filth. Is that the
best of all possible worlds? What! if Cæsar, Antony, Octavius never had
this disease, was it not possible for it not to cause the death of
François I.? "No," people say, "things were ordered thus for the best."
I want to believe it; but it is sad for those to whom Rabelais dedicated
his book.
Erotic philosophers have often debated the question of whether Heloïse
could still really love Abelard when he was a monk and emasculate? One
of these qualities did very great harm to the other.
But console yourself, Abelard, you were loved; the root of the hewn tree
still retains a remnant of sap; the imagination aids the heart. One can
still be happy at table even though one eats no longer. Is it love? is
it simply a memory? is it friendship? All that is composed of something
indescribable. It is an obscure feeling resembling the fantastic
passions retained by the dead in the Elysian fields. The heroes who,
during their lifetime, shone in the chariot races, drove imaginary
chariots when they were dead. Heloïse lived with you on illusions and
supplements. She kissed you sometimes, and with all the more pleasure
that having taken a vow at the Paraclet monastery to love you no longer,
her kisses thereby became more precious as more guilty. A woman can
barely be seized with a passion for a eunuch: but she can keep her
passion for her lover become eunuch, provided that he remains lovable.
It is not the same, ladies, for a lover who has grown old in service;
the externals subsist no longer; the wrinkles horrify; the white
eyebrows shock; the lost teeth disgust; the infirmities estrange: all
that one can do is to have the virtue of being nurse, and of tolerating
what one has loved. It is burying a dead man.
love
lʌv n. & v. --n. 1 an intense feeling of deep affection or
fondness for a person or thing; great liking. 2 sexual passion. 3 sexual
relations. 4 a a beloved one; a sweetheart (often as a form of address). b
Brit. colloq. a form of address regardless of affection. 5 colloq. a person
of whom one is fond. 6 affectionate greetings (give him my love). 7 (often
Love) a representation of Cupid. 8 (in some games) no score; nil. --v.tr. 1
(also absol.) feel love or deep fondness for. 2 delight in; admire; greatly
cherish. 3 colloq. like very much (loves books). 4 (foll. by verbal noun,
or to + infin.) be inclined, esp. as a habit; greatly enjoy; find pleasure
in (children love dressing up; loves to find fault). øfall in love (often
foll. by with) develop a great (esp. sexual) love (for). for love for pleasure
not profit. for the love of for the sake of. in love (often foll. by with)
deeply enamoured (of). love affair a romantic or sexual relationship between
two people in love. love-apple archaic a tomato. love-bird any of various
African and Madagascan parrots, esp. Agapornis personata. love-child an
illegitimate child. love-feast 1 a meal affirming brotherly love among early
Christians. 2 a religious service of Methodists, etc., imitating this. love
game a game in which the loser makes no score. love-hate relationship an
intensely emotional relationship in which one or each party has ambivalent
feelings of love and hate for the other. love-in-a-mist a blue-flowered garden
plant, Nigella damascena, with many delicate green bracts. love-letter
a letter expressing feelings of sexual love. love-lies-bleeding a
garden plant, Amaranthus caudatus, with drooping spikes of purple-red
blooms. love-match a marriage made for love's sake. love-nest a place of
intimate lovemaking. love-seat an armchair or small sofa for two. make love
(often foll. by to) 1 have sexual intercourse (with). 2 archaic pay amorous
attention (to). not for love or money colloq. not in any circumstances. out
of love no longer in love. øøloveworthy adj. [OE lufu f. Gmc]
LOVE Leaving Our Vehicles Elsewhere Locomotion Observing Visionary Empowerment Linguistics Of Visible English Lawrence Organizing Voices For Empowerment Laughter Optimism Volunteerism
And Enthusiasm Lousy Overrated Vile Emotion Legs Open Very Easy Lashings Of Violent Exercise Let Older Volunteers Educate Light Of Valuable Energy Leave Out Violence Everywhere Let
Our Violence End Love Overcomes Violence Eternally Loss Of Valuable Energy Lawrence's Organized Volunteer Enterprise
love Leaving Our Vehicles Elsewhere Locomotion Observing Visionary Empowerment Linguistics Of Visible English Lawrence Organizing Voices For Empowerment Laughter Optimism Volunteerism
And Enthusiasm Lousy Overrated Vile Emotion Legs Open Very Easy Lashings Of Violent Exercise Let Older Volunteers Educate Light Of Valuable Energy Leave Out Violence Everywhere Let
Our Violence End Love Overcomes Violence Eternally Loss Of Valuable Energy Lawrence's Organized Volunteer Enterprise
Love
O, how this spring of love resembleth
The uncertain glory of an April day;
Which now shows all the beauty of the sun,
And by and by a cloud takes all away.
SHAKESPEARE: Two Gent. of V., Act i., Sc. 3.
Love is a spirit all compact of fire;
Not gross to sink, but light, and will aspire.
SHAKESPEARE: Venus and A., Line 149.
Such is the power of that sweet passion,
That it all sordid baseness doth expel,
And the refined mind doth newly fashion
Unto a fairer form, which now doth dwell
In his high thought, that would itself excel;
Which he, beholding still with constant sight,
Admires the mirror of so heavenly light.
SPENSER: Hymn in Honor of Love.
How could I tell I should love thee to-day,
Whom that day I held not dear?
How could I know I should love thee away
When I did not love thee anear?
JEAN INGELOW: Supper at the Mill._ _Song.
Instruct me now what love will do;
'T will make a tongueless man to woo.
Inform me next what love will do;
'T will strangely make a one of two.
Teach me besides what love will do;
'T will quickly mar and make ye too.
Tell me, now last, what love will do;
'T will hurt and heal a heart pierc'd through.
SIR JOHN SUCKLING: Aph. of Love.
Love is the only good in the world.
Henceforth be loved as heart can love,
Or brain devise, or hand approve.
ROBERT BROWNING: Flight of the Duchess, Pt. xv.
Mutual love brings mutual delight--
Brings beauty, life; for love is life, hate, death.
R.H. DANA: The Dying Raven.
Let those love now, who never loved before,
Let those who always loved, now love the more.
PARNELL: Trans. of Pervigilium Veneris.
Love, well thou know'st, no partnership allows:
Cupid averse rejects divided vows.
PRIOR: Henry and Emma, Line 590.
And love, life's fine centre, includes heart and mind.
OWEN MEREDITH: Lucile, Pt. ii., Canto i., St. 17.
I hold it true, whate'er befall,
I feel it when I sorrow most;
'T is better to have loved and lost,
Than never to have loved at all.
TENNYSON: In Memoriam, Pt. xxvii., St. 4.
Had we never loved so kindly,
Had we never loved so blindly,
Never met, or never parted,
We had ne'er been broken-hearted.
BURNS: Song, Ae Fond Kiss.
Love in a hut, with water and a crust,
Is--Love, forgive us! cinders, ashes, dust.
KEATS: Lamia, Pt. ii., Line 1.
Why did she love him? Curious fool! be still;
Is human love the growth of human will?
BYRON: Lara, Canto ii., St. 22.
There is no pleasure like the pain
Of being loved, and loving.
PRAED: Legend of the Haunted Tree.
Man's love is of man's life a thing apart,
'T is woman's whole existence.
BYRON: Don Juan, Canto i., St. 194.
In peace, Love tunes the shepherd's reed;
In war, he mounts the warrior's steed;
In halls, in gay attire is seen;
In hamlets, dances on the green;
Love rules the court, the camp, the grove,
And men below, and saints above;
For love is heaven and heaven is love.
SCOTT: Lay of the Last Minstrel, Canto iii., St. 2.
True love is at home on a carpet,
And mightily likes his ease,--
And true love has an eye for a dinner,
And starves beneath shady trees.
His wing is the fan of a lady,
His foot's an invisible thing,
And his arrow is tipp'd with a jewel,
And shot from a silver string.
WILLIS: Love in a Cottage.
What is love? 't is nature's treasure,
'T is the storehouse of her joys;
'T is the highest heaven of pleasure,
'T is a bliss which never cloys.
THOMAS CHATTERTON: The Revenge, Act i., Sc. 2.
Love \Love\, n. [OE. love, luve, AS. lufe, lufu; akin to E.
lief, believe, L. lubet, libet,it pleases, Skr. lubh to be
lustful. See Lief.]
1. A feeling of strong attachment induced by that which
delights or commands admiration; pre["e]minent kindness or
devotion to another; affection; tenderness; as, the love
of brothers and sisters.
Of all the dearest bonds we prove Thou countest
sons' and mothers' love Most sacred, most Thine own.
--Keble.
2. Especially, devoted attachment to, or tender or passionate
affection for, one of the opposite sex.
He on his side Leaning half-raised, with looks of
cordial love Hung over her enamored. --Milton.
3. Courtship; -- chiefly in the phrase to make love, i. e.,
to court, to woo, to solicit union in marriage.
Demetrius . . . Made love to Nedar's daughter,
Helena, And won her soul. --Shak.
4. Affection; kind feeling; friendship; strong liking or
desire; fondness; good will; -- opposed to hate; often
with of and an object.
Love, and health to all. --Shak.
Smit with the love of sacred song. --Milton.
The love of science faintly warmed his breast.
--Fenton.
5. Due gratitude and reverence to God.
Keep yourselves in the love of God. --Jude 21.
6. The object of affection; -- often employed in endearing
address. ``Trust me, love.'' --Dryden.
Open the temple gates unto my love. --Spenser.
7. Cupid, the god of love; sometimes, Venus.
Such was his form as painters, when they show Their
utmost art, on naked Lores bestow. --Dryden.
Therefore do nimble-pinioned doves draw Love.
--Shak.
8. A thin silk stuff. [Obs.] --Boyle.
9. (Bot.) A climbing species of Clematis ({C. Vitalba}).
10. Nothing; no points scored on one side; -- used in
counting score at tennis, etc.
He won the match by three sets to love. --The
Field.
Note: Love is often used in the formation of compounds, in
most of which the meaning is very obvious; as,
love-cracked, love-darting, love-killing, love-linked,
love-taught, etc.
A labor of love, a labor undertaken on account of regard
for some person, or through pleasure in the work itself,
without expectation of reward.
Free love, the doctrine or practice of consorting with one
of the opposite sex, at pleasure, without marriage. See
Free love.
Free lover, one who avows or practices free love.
In love, in the act of loving; -- said esp. of the love of
the sexes; as, to be in love; to fall in love.
Love apple (Bot.), the tomato.
Love bird (Zo["o]l.), any one of several species of small,
short-tailed parrots, or parrakeets, of the genus
Agapornis, and allied genera. They are mostly from
Africa. Some species are often kept as cage birds, and are
celebrated for the affection which they show for their
mates.
Love broker, a person who for pay acts as agent between
lovers, or as a go-between in a sexual intrigue. --Shak.
Love charm, a charm for exciting love. --Ld. Lytton.
Love child. an illegitimate child. --Jane Austen.
Love day, a day formerly appointed for an amicable
adjustment of differences. [Obs.] --Piers Plowman.
--Chaucer.
Love drink, a love potion; a philter. --Chaucer.
Love favor, something given to be worn in token of love.
Love feast, a religious festival, held quarterly by some
religious denominations, as the Moravians and Methodists,
in imitation of the agap[ae] of the early Christians.
Love feat, the gallant act of a lover. --Shak.
Love game, a game, as in tennis, in which the vanquished
person or party does not score a point.
Love grass. [G. liebesgras.] (Bot.) Any grass of the genus
Eragrostis.
Love-in-a-mist. (Bot.)
(a) An herb of the Buttercup family ({Nigella Damascena})
having the flowers hidden in a maze of finely cut
bracts.
(b) The West Indian Passiflora f[oe]tida, which has
similar bracts.
Love-in-idleness (Bot.), a kind of violet; the small pansy.
A little western flower, Before milk-white, now
purple with love's wound; And maidens call it
love-in-idleness. --Shak.
Love juice, juice of a plant supposed to produce love.
--Shak.
Love knot, a knot or bow, as of ribbon; -- so called from
being used as a token of love, or as a pledge of mutual
affection. --Milman.
Love lass, a sweetheart.
Love letter, a letter of courtship. --Shak.
Love-lies-bleeding (Bot.), a species of amaranth
({Amarantus melancholicus}).
Love match, a marriage brought about by love alone.
Love potion, a compounded draught intended to excite love,
or venereal desire.
Love rites, sexual intercourse. --Pope
Love scene, an exhibition of love, as between lovers on the
stage.
Love suit, courtship. --Shak.
Of all loves, for the sake of all love; by all means.
[Obs.] ``Mrs. Arden desired him of all loves to come back
again.'' --Holinshed.
The god of love, or Love god, Cupid.
To make love to, to express affection for; to woo. ``If you
will marry, make your loves to me.'' --Shak.
To play for love, to play a game, as at cards, without
stakes. ``A game at piquet for love.'' --Lamb.
Syn: Affection; friendship; kindness; tenderness; fondness;
delight.
Love \Love\, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Loved; p. pr. & vb. n.
Loving.] [AS. lufian. ?. See Love, n.]
1. To have a feeling of love for; to regard with affection or
good will; as, to love one's children and friends; to love
one's country; to love one's God.
Thou shalt love the Lord thy God with all thy heart,
and with all thy soul, and with all thy mind.
--Matt. xxii.
37.
Thou shalt love thy neighbor as thy self. --Matt.
xxii. 39.
2. To regard with passionate and devoted affection, as that
of one sex for the other.
3. To take delight or pleasure in; to have a strong liking or
desire for, or interest in; to be pleased with; to like;
as, to love books; to love adventures.
Wit, eloquence, and poetry. Arts which I loved.
--Cowley.
LOVE
luv ('ahebh, 'ahabhah, noun; phileo, agapao, verb; agape, noun): Love to
both God and man is fundamental to true religion, whether as expressed in
the Old Testament or the New Testament. Jesus Himself declared that all the
law and the prophets hang upon love (Mt 22:40; Mr 12:28-34). Paul,
in his matchless ode on love (1Co 13), makes it the greatest of
the graces of the Christian life--greater than speaking with tongues, or
the gift of prophecy, or the possession of a faith of superior excellence;
for without love all these gifts and graces, desirable and useful as they
are in themselves, are as nothing, certainly of no permanent value in the
sight of God. Not that either Jesus or Paul underestimates the faith from
which all the graces proceed, for this grace is recognized as fundamental
in all God's dealings with man and man's dealings with God (Joh 6:28 f;
Heb 11:6); but both alike count that faith as but idle and worthless
belief that does not manifest itself in love to both God and man. As love
is the highest expression of God and His relation to mankind, so it must be
the highest expression of man's relation to his Maker and to his fellow-man.
I. Definition.
While the Hebrew and Greek words for "love" have various shades and intensities
of meaning, they may be summed up in some such definition as this: Love,
whether used of God or man, is an earnest and anxious desire for and an
active and beneficent interest ins the well-being of the one loved. Different
degrees and manifestations of this affection are recognized in the Scriptures
according to the circumstances and relations of life, e.g. the expression of
love as between husband and wife, parent and child, brethren according to
the flesh, and according to grace; between friend and enemy, and, finally,
between God and man. It must not be overlooked, however, that the fundamental
idea of love as expressed in the definition of it is never absent in any one
of these relations of life, even though the manifestation thereof may differ
according to the circumstances and relations. Christ's interview with the
apostle Peter on the shore of the Sea of Tiberias (Joh 21:15-18) sets
before us in a most beautiful way the different shades of meaning as found
in the New Testament words phileo, and agapao. In the question of Christ,
"Lovest thou me more than these?" the Greek verb agapas, denotes the highest,
most perfect kind of love (Latin, diligere), implying a clear determination
of will and judgment, and belonging particularly to the sphere of Divine
revelation. In his answer Peter substitutes the word philo, which means the
natural human affection, with its strong feeling, or sentiment, and is never
used in Scripture language to designate man's love to God. While the answer
of Peter, then, claims only an inferior kind of love, as compared to the one
contained in Christ's question, he nevertheless is confident of possessing
at least such love for his Lord.
II. The Love of God.
First in the consideration of the subject of "love" comes the love of
God--He who is love, and from whom all love is derived. The love of God is
that part of His nature--indeed His whole nature, for "God is love"--which
leads Him to express Himself in terms of endearment toward His creatures,
and actively to manifest that interest and affection in acts of loving care
and self-sacrifice in behalf of the objects of His love. God is "love"
(1 Joh 4:8,16) just as truly as He is "light" (1 Joh 1:5),
"truth" (1 Joh 1:6), and "spirit" (Joh 4:24). Spirit and
light are expressions of His essential nature; love is the expression of His
personality corresponding to His nature. God not merely loves, but is love;
it is His very nature, and He imparts this nature to be the sphere in which
His children dwell, for "he that abideth in love abideth in God, and God
abideth in him" (1 Joh 4:16). Christianity is the only religion that
sets forth the Supreme Being as Love. In heathen religions He is set forth
as an angry being and in constant need of appeasing.
1. Objects of God's Love:
The object of God's love is first and foremost His own Son, Jesus Christ
(Mt 3:17; 17:5; Lu 20:13; Joh 17:24). The Son shares the love of the
Father in a unique sense; He is "my chosen, in whom my soul delighteth"
(Isa 42:1). There exists an eternal affection between the Son and
the Father--the Son is the original and eternal object of the Father's love
(Joh 17:24). If God's love is eternal it must have an eternal object,
hence, Christ is an eternal being.
God loves the believer in His Son with a special love. Those who are united by
faith and love to Jesus Christ are, in a different sense from those who are not
thus united, the special objects of God's love. Said Jesus, thou "lovedst them,
even as thou lovedst me" (Joh 17:23). Christ is referring to the fact
that, just as the disciples had received the same treatment from the world
that He had received, so they had received of the Father the same love that
He Himself had received. They were not on the outskirts of God's love, but in
the very center of it. "For the father himself loveth you, because ye have
loved me" (Joh 16:27). Here phileo is used for love, indicating the
fatherly affection of God for the believer in Christ, His Son. This is love
in a more intense form than that spoken of for the world (Joh 3:16).
God loves the world (Joh 3:16; compare 1Ti 2:4; 2Pe 3:9). This
is a wonderful truth when we realize what a world this is--a world of sin
and corruption. This was a startling truth for Nicodemus to learn, who
conceived of God as loving only the Jewish nation. To him, in his narrow
exclusiveism, the announcement of the fact that God loved the whole world
of men was startling. God loves the world of sinners lost and ruined by the
fall. Yet it is this world, "weak," "ungodly," "without strength," "sinners"
(Ro 5:6-8), "dead in trespasses and sins" (Eph 2:1 the King
James Version), and unrighteous, that God so loved that He gave His only
begotten Son in order to redeem it. The genesis of man's salvation lies in
the love and mercy of God (Eph 2:4 f). But love is more than mercy or
compassion; it is active and identifies itself with its object. The love of
the heavenly Father over the return of His wandering children is beautifully
set forth in the parable of the Prodigal Son (Lu 15). Nor should
the fact be overlooked that God loves not only the whole world, but each
individual in it; it is a special as well as a general love (Joh 3:16,
"whosoever"; Ga 2:20, "loved me, and gave himself up for me").
2. Manifestations of God's Love:
God's love is manifested by providing for the physical, mental, moral and
spiritual needs of His people (Isa 48:14,20,21; 62:9-12; 63:3,12). In
these Scriptures God is seen manifesting His power in behalf His people in the
time of their wilderness journeying and their captivity. He led them, fed and
clothed them, guided them and protected them from all their enemies. His love
was again shown in feeling with His people, their sorrows and afflictions
(Isa 63:9); He suffered in their affliction, their interests were
His; He was not their adversary but their friend, even though it might
have seemed to them as if He either had brought on them their suffering
or did not care about it. Nor did He ever forget them for a moment during
all their trials. They thought He did; they said, "God hath forgotten us,"
"He hath forgotten to be gracious"; but no; a mother might forget her child
that she should not have compassion on it, but God would never forget His
people. How could He? Had He not graven them upon the palms of His hands
(Isa 49:15 f)? Rather than His love being absent in the chastisement
of His people, the chastisement itself was often a proof of the presence of
the Divine love, "for whom the Lord loveth he chasteneth, and scourgeth every
son whom he receiveth" (Heb 12:6-11). Loving reproof and chastisement
are necessary oftentimes for growth in holiness and righteousness. Our
redemption from sin is to be attributed to God's wondrous love; "Thou hast
in love to my soul delivered it from the pit of corruption; for thou hast
cast all my sins behind thy back" (Isa 38:17; compare Ps 50:21;
90:8). Eph 2:4 f sets forth in a wonderful way how our entire
salvation springs forth from the mercy and love of God; "But God, being
rich in mercy, for his great love wherewith he loved us, even when we were
dead through our trespasses, made us alive together with Christ," etc. It is
because of the love of the Father that we are granted a place in the heavenly
kingdom (Eph 2:6-8). But the supreme manifestation of the love of
God, as set forth in the Scripture, is that expressed in the gift of His
only-begotten Son to die for the sins of the world (Joh 3:16; Ro 5:6-8;
1 Joh 4:9 f), and through whom the sinful and sinning but repentant sons
of men are taken into the family of God, and receive the adoption of sons
(1 Joh 3:1 f; Ga 4:4-6). From this wonderful love of God in
Christ Jesus nothing in heaven or earth or hell, created or uncreated or to
be created, shall be able to separate us (Ro 8:37 f).
III. The Love of Man.
1. Source of Man's Love:
Whatever love there is in man, whether it be toward God or toward his
fellowman, has its source in God--"Love is of God; and every one that loveth
is begotten of God, and knoweth God. He that loveth not knoweth not God;
for God is love" (1 Joh 4:7 f); "We love, because he first loved us"
(1 Joh 4:19). Trench, in speaking of agape, says it is a word born
within the bosom of revealed religion. Heathen writers do not use it at all,
their nearest approach to it being philanthropia or philadelphia--the love
betweeen those of the same blood. Love in the heart of man is the offspring
of the love of God. Only the regenerated heart can truly love as God loves;
to this higher form of love the unregenerate can lay no claim (1 Joh
4:7,19,21; 2:7-11; 3:10; 4:11 f). The regenerate man is able to see his
fellow-man as God sees him, value him as God values him, not so much because
of what he is by reason of his sin and unloveliness, but because of what,
through Christ, he may become; he sees man's intrinsic worth and possibility
in Christ (2Co 5:14-17). This love is also created in the heart of
man by the Holy Ghost (Ro 5:5), and is a fruit of the Spirit (Ga
5:22). It is also stimulated by the example of the Lord Jesus Christ,
who, more than anyone else, manifested to the world the spirit and nature
of true love (Joh 13:34; 15:12; Ga 2:20; Eph 5:25-27; 1 Joh 4:9 f).
2. Objects of Man's Love:
God must be the first and supreme object of man's love; He must be loved with
all the heart, mind, soul and strength (Mt 22:37 f; Mr 12:29-34). In
this last passage the exhortation to supreme love to God is connected with
the doctrine of the unity of God (De 6:4 f)--inasmuch as the Divine
Being is one and indivisible, so must our love to Him be undivided. Our love
to God is shown in the keeping of His commandments (Ex 20:6; 1 Joh 5:3;
2 Joh 1:6). Love is here set forth as more than a mere affection or
sentiment; it is something that manifests itself, not only in obedience
to known Divine commands, but also in a protecting and defense of them,
and a seeking to know more and more of the will of God in order to express
love for God in further obedience (compare De 10:12). Those who
love God will hate evil and all forms of worldliness, as expressed in the
avoidance of the lust of the eyes, the lust of the flesh and the pride of life
(Ps 97:10; 1 Joh 2:15-17). Whatever there may be in his surroundings
that would draw the soul away from God and righteousness, that the child
of God will avoid. Christ, being God, also claims the first place in our
affections. He is to be chosen before father or mother, parent, or child,
brother or sister, or friend (Mt 10:35-38; Lu 14:26). The word "hate"
in these passages does not mean to hate in the sense in which we use the
word today. It is used in the sense in which Jacob is said to have "hated"
Leah (Ge 29:31), that is, he loved her less than Rachel; "He loved
also Rachel more than Leah" (Ge 29:30). To love Christ supremely is
the test of true discipleship (Lu 14:26), and is an unfailing mark
of the elect (1Pe 1:8). We prove that we are really God's children by
thus loving His Son (Joh 8:42). Absence of such love means, finally,
eternal separation (1Co 16:22).
Man must love his fellow-man also. Love for the brotherhood is a natural
consequence of the love of the fatherhood; for "In this the children of God are
manifest, and the children of the devil: whosoever doeth not righteousness is
not of God, neither he that loveth not his brother" (1 Joh 3:10). For
a man to say "I love God" and yet hate his fellowman is to brand himself
as "a liar" (1 Joh 4:20); "He that loveth not his brother whom he
hath seen, cannot love God whom he hath not seen" (1 Joh 4:20); he
that loveth God will love his brother also (1 Joh 4:21). The degree
in which we are to love our fellow-man is "as thyself" (Mt 22:39),
according to the strict observance of law. Christ set before His followers a
much higher example than that, however. According to the teaching of Jesus we
are to supersede this standard: "A new commandment I give unto you, that ye
love one another; even as I have loved you, that ye also love one another"
(Joh 13:34). The exhibition of love of this character toward our
fellow-man is the badge of true discipleship. It may be called the sum total
of our duty toward our fellow-man, for "Love worketh no ill to his neighbor:
love therefore is the fulfillment of the law"; "for he that loveth his
neighbor hath fulfilled the law" (Ro 13:8,10). The qualities which
should characterize the love which we are to manifest toward our fellow-men
are beautifully set forth in 1Co 13. It is patient and without envy;
it is not proud or self-elated, neither does it behave discourteously; it
does not cherish evil, but keeps good account of the good; it rejoices not
at the downfall of an enemy or competitor, but gladly hails his success;
it is hopeful, trustful and forbearing--for such there is no law, for they
need none; they have fulfilled the law.
Nor should it be overlooked that our Lord commanded His children to love
their enemies, those who spoke evil of them, and despitefully used them
(Mt 5:43-48). They were not to render evil for evil, but contrariwise,
blessing. The love of the disciple of Christ must manifest itself in supplying
the necessities, not of our friends only (1 Joh 3:16-18), but also
of our enemies (Ro 12:20 f).
Our love should be "without hypocrisy" (Ro 12:9); there should be no
pretense about it; it should not be a thing of mere word or tongue, but a real
experience manifesting itself in deed and truth (1 Joh 3:18). True
love will find its expression in service to man: "Through love be servants
one to another" (Ga 5:13). What more wonderful illustration can be
found of ministering love than that set forth by our Lord in the ministry
of foot-washing as found in Joh 13? Love bears the infirmities of the
weak, does not please itself, but seeks the welfare of others (Ro 15:1-3;
Php 2:21; Ga 6:2; 1Co 10:24); it surrenders things which may be innocent
in themselves but which nevertheless may become a stumbling-block to others
(Ro 14:15,21); it gladly forgives injuries (Eph 4:32), and
gives the place of honor to another (Ro 12:10). What, then, is more
vital than to possess such love? It is the fulfillment of the royal law
(Jas 2:8), and is to be put above everything else (Col 3:14);
it is the binder that holds all the other graces of the Christian life in
place (Col 3:14); by the possession of such love we know that we have
passed from death unto life (1 Joh 3:14), and it is the supreme test
of our abiding in God and God in us (1 Joh 4:12,16).
William Evans
Love
This word seems to require explanation only in the case of its
use by our Lord in his interview with "Simon, the son of Jonas,"
after his resurrection (John 21:16, 17). When our Lord says,
"Lovest thou me?" he uses the Greek word _agapas_; and when
Simon answers, he uses the Greek word _philo_, i.e., "I love."
This is the usage in the first and second questions put by our
Lord; but in the third our Lord uses Simon's word. The
distinction between these two Greek words is thus fitly
described by Trench:, "_Agapan_ has more of judgment and
deliberate choice; _philein_ has more of attachment and peculiar
personal affection. Thus the 'Lovest thou' (Gr. agapas) on the
lips of the Lord seems to Peter at this moment too cold a word,
as though his Lord were keeping him at a distance, or at least
not inviting him to draw near, as in the passionate yearning of
his heart he desired now to do. Therefore he puts by the word
and substitutes his own stronger 'I love' (Gr. philo) in its
room. A second time he does the same. And now he has conquered;
for when the Lord demands a third time whether he loves him, he
does it in the word which alone will satisfy Peter ('Lovest
thou,' Gr. phileis), which alone claims from him that personal
attachment and affection with which indeed he knows that his
heart is full."
In 1 Cor. 13 the apostle sets forth the excellency of love, as
the word "charity" there is rendered in the Revised Version.
love
I. v. a.1. Have affection for, regard with affection, delight in, be fond of.
2. Have a passionate affection for, be in love with, be enamoured of.
3. Like, be pleased with.
II. v. n.
Delight, take pleasure.
III. n.1. Affection, affectionate regard, friendship, kindness, tenderness, fondness, delight.
2. Attachment, passionate affection, the tender passion.
3. Liking, fondness, inclination, devotion, strong attachment.
4. Lover, sweetheart.
5. Cupid, god of love, Eros.
6. Venus, Aphrodite, goddess of love.
7. Good-will, benevolence, charity.
love
lʌv n.
1 warmth, affection, attachment, fondness, tenderness, devotion, attraction, friendship,
amity, regard, admiration, fancy, adoration, adulation, ardour, passion, fervour, rapture,
infatuation: Her love for him grew over the years.
2 liking, delight, enjoyment, pleasure, fondness, attraction, predilection, bent, leaning,
proclivity, inclination, disposition, weakness, partiality, preference, taste, relish, passion:
In his retirement, Charles has developed a love for golf.
3 darling, beloved, sweetheart, sweetie, sweet, honey, dear one, dearest, angel,
turtle-dove, true-love, light of one's life, lover, paramour, mate, intended, betrothed;
girlfriend, inamorata, lady-love, young lady, fianc÷e; boyfriend, beau, inamorato, suitor,
swain, young man, fianc÷, Archaic leman, tally, US POSSLQ (= 'Person of the Opposite Sex Sharing
Living Quarters'), Colloq girl, woman, guy, man: Let me tell you something, my love. Come live
with me and be my love.
4 sympathy, tenderness, concern, charity, care, solicitude, affinity, rapport, harmony,
brotherhood, sisterhood, fellow-feeling: He has great love for his fellow human beings.
5 love affair. a amour, liaison, affair, romance, relationship, affaire de coeur,
intrigue: He's been having a love affair with his secretary. b passion, mania, Colloq thing:
George allows nothing to interfere with his love affair with tennis.
6 make love (to) or (with). embrace, cuddle, caress, fondle, have sexual intercourse,
Archaic take, know, Colloq neck, pet, canoodle, romance, have sex, make the beast with two backs,
US and Canadian make out; Taboo slang screw, fuck, hump, bang, Brit roger, bonk: He still makes
love to his wife even though they are both in their eighties. --v.
7 cherish, admire, adore, be in love with, lose one's heart to, worship, idolize, dote on,
treasure, be infatuated with, think the world of, adulate, hold dear, like, Colloq be hung up
on, be crazy or nuts or wild or mad about, have a crush on: Only after ten years of friendship
did she discover that she loved him.
8 delight in, take pleasure in, derive pleasure or enjoyment from, relish, be partial to,
have a passion or preference or taste for, be attracted to, be captivated by, be fond of, like,
enjoy, appreciate, value, Colloq get a kick from or out of, be wild about, be thrilled by, US
get a bang or charge from or out of: She loves chocolates. I just love your new dress! Love me,
love my dog.
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